The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence in a health area of southern spain. Hymenolepis nana bilharz, 1851 ransom, 1901 1 dwarf tapeworm hymenolepis nana, also known as rodentolepis nana, vampirolepis nana, hymenolepis fraterna, and taenia nana is a. It is often referred to as the dwarf tapeworm due to its small size, 24 cm long and only 1 mm wide. The dwarf tapeworm was found in man for the first time by bilharz, in cairo, egypt, in 1851. Although the cells were unrecognizable as tapeworm tissue, immunohistochemical staining and. This cestode belongs to a large family known as hymenolepididae. Development hymenolepis nana life cycle infection is acquired most commonly from eggs in the feces of another infected individual, which are transferred in food, by contamination. Eggs hatch in the duodenum, releasing oncospheres, which penetrate the mucosa and come to lie in lymph channels of the villi. Its larvae migrate only within the gut wall, and its life span is relatively short 4 to 6 wk.
Hymenolepis nana vs hymenolepis dimunota medical laboratories. Similar topologies were developed when both neighborjoining and upgma. Hymenolepis nana is also known as the dwarf tapeworm. The fine structure of the envelopes surrounding hatched and unhatched oncospheres of hymenolepis nana. The fact that an intermediate host is not required in the life cycle was determined in the late 1800s. It has a cosmopolitan distribution and is thought to be the most common tapeworm throughout the world. Although the dwarf tapeworm infection rarely causes symptoms, it can be misdiagnosed for pinworm infection. Diplacanthus manus, hymenolepis nana, hymenolepis murina.
Introduction the dwarf tapeworm is a species of tapeworm that is classified in the platyhelminthes phylum. The dwarf tapeworm, hymenolepis nana, cancer cells linked. Seperti mesir, sudan, thailand, india, jepang, amerika selatan. The dwarf tapeworm, hymenolepis nana, cancer cells linked to.
Hymenolepiasis is primarily caused by the cestode tapeworm species, hymenolepis nana the dwarf tapeworm, adults measuring 15 to 40 mm in length. The disease is a type of helminthiasis which is classified as a neglected tropical disease. Hymenolepiasis is the term when a human is infected with either h. Malignant transformation of hymenolepis nana in a human host. This infection does not require an intermediate host and infection can occur directly from one infected person to another by fecaloral transmission. If larvabearing eggs enter the human gastrointestinal tract, the oncospheres are released into the duodenum and attatch to the villi, where each develops into a cysticercoid. She remained well in spite of treatment, even though. Infeksi dari hymenolepis nana ditemukan banyak terdapat pada orangorang dengan sanitasi yang buruk dan padat. When eggs are ingested by an arthropod intermediate host various species of beetles and fleas may serve as intermediate hosts, they develop into cysticercoids, which can infect humans or rodents upon ingestion and develop into adults in the small intestine. Nov 06, 2016 alarcon islas dulce raque armenta carrillo ana sofia astorga hernandez gabriela galindo parada arantza gpe inda lopez enery jhoseline. Hymenolepis nana dwarf tapeworm infection infectious. Start this article has been rated as startclass on the projects quality scale. On the inner membrane are two poles, from which 4 to 8 polar filaments spread out between the two membranes.
Hymenolepis nana definition of hymenolepis nana by medical. It is the smallest and only cestode that parasites the human without any intermediate host. Given the widespread distribution and medical implication of members of the genus hymenolepis, specific identification of the aetiological agent becomes imperative. The species name nana is derived from its small size which means dwarf of the adult worm. Malignant transformation of hymenolepis nana in a human.
Alternative names are dwarf tapeworm infection and rat tapeworm infection. Hymenolepis nana bilharz, 1851 ransom, 1901 1 dwarf tapeworm hymenolepis nana, also known as rodentolepis nana, vampirolepis nana, hymenolepis fraterna, and taenia nana is a cosmopolitan species though most common in temperate zones, and is one of the most common cestodes a type of intestinal worm or helminth infecting humans. Infection is most common in children, in persons living in institutional settings, and in people who live in areas where sanitation and personal hygiene is inadequate. It requires only one host but can also cycle through two. It is most often seen in children in countries in which sanitation and hygiene are inadequate. Nov 05, 2015 malignant transformation of hymenolepis nana in a human host. In 1906, stiles identified an identical parasite with a rodent host and named it hymenolepis fraterna. It once held two other scientific names including vampirolepis nana and taenia nana 4. Although the cells were unrecognizable as tapeworm tissue, immunohistochemical staining and probe. Hymenolepis nana is an intestinal cestode causing tapeworm infection in humans with a worldwide distribution. Description of hymenolepis microstoma nottingham strain. In this article we will discuss about hymenolepis nana.
Hymenolepis nana, also known as dwarf tapeworm, is a cyclophyllidean tapeworm with embryonated eggs. Hymenolepis nana, the dwarf or dwarf mouse tapeworm, is a small tapeworm in humans, sometimes found in great numbers in the intestine. Hymenolepis infection or infection with the dwarf tapeworm is found worldwide. Hymenolepis nana bilharz, 1851 ransom, 1901 1 dwarf tapeworm hymenolepis nana, also known as rodentolepis nana, vampirolepis nana, hymenolepis fraterna, and taenia nana is a cosmopolitan species though most common in temperate zones, and is one of the most common cestodes a type of intestinal worm or helminth infecting humans, especially children. Hymenolepiasis is caused by two cestodes tapeworm species, hymenolepis nana the dwarf tapeworm, adults measuring 15 to 40 mm in length and hymenolepis diminuta rat tapeworm, adults measuring 20 to 60 cm in length. Humans, rodents most common tapeworm of humans in the world 1% rate of infection in the southern u. Hymenolepis nana is the most common tapeworm in humans. It has a cosmopolitan distribution and is thought to be the most common tapeworm. Rodents are the primary definitive hosts, and grain beetles, fleas, or other insects feed on contaminated rodent droppings as intermediate. Two of these show identical specificity while the third exhibits common as well as uncommon. A 44 year old man was admitted to the hospital following a twoweek history of low grade fever, malaise, and anorexia. Pdf neoplasms occur naturally in invertebrates but are not known to develop in tapeworms. Immunogenicity and phylogenetic relationship of tapeworm.
Transactions of the royal society of tropical medicine and hygiene 101. Pdf hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm, is the smallest tapeworm found in the intestines of broad range of dogs, rats and humans. He recovered a countless number of them at a postmortem on a boy who had died of meningitis. Fairley, in mandell, douglas, and bennetts principles and practice of infectious diseases eighth edition, 2015. The leaves are alternately arranged on the branches but the lower parts of the stem and branches are leafless. Eggs of hymenolepis nana are immediately infective when passed with the stool and cannot survive more than 10 days in the external environment. Hymenolepis definition of hymenolepis by medical dictionary. Hymenolepiasis is infestation by one of two species of tapeworm. Hymenolepis nana pathogen intestinal cestode organism.
How to get rid of muscle knots in your neck, traps, shoulders, and back duration. It is the first known case of a person becoming ill from cancer cells that arose in a parasite in this case, hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm. Hymenolepis worms live in the intestines of rats and are common in warm climates, and are generally found in the feces of rats, which are consumed by their secondary hostsbeetles. Pdf malignant transformation of hymenolepis nana in a human. Hymenolepis nana is an exception among the cestodes, as it can develop directly in the same host.
Hymenolepis rodentolepis nana is the most common cestode of humans, particularly in young children. It has slightly bigger eggs and proglottids than h. It is small and measures up to 2540 mm in length by one mm in diameter. Infeccion por hymenolepis diminuta en una estudiante. Hymenolepiasis is caused by two cestodes tapeworm species, hymenolepis nana the dwarf tapeworm, adults measuring 15 to 40 mm in length and hymenolepis diminuta rat tapeworm. For precise diagnosis of the species, molecular techniques such as pcr and rflp of. Hymenolepis nana has been called the dwarf tapeworm and has a worldwide distribution. The dwarf tapeworm or hymenolepis nana is found worldwide. Seperti mesir, sudan, thailand, india, jepang, amerika selatan, eropa selatan, dan juga ditemukan di indonesia. Hymenolepis diminuta, also known as rat tapeworm, is a species of hymenolepis tapeworm that causes hymenolepiasis. Hymenolepis nana is the smallest of all tapeworms found in humans and is appropriately described as the dwarf tapeworm. Hymenolepis nana is within the scope of wikiproject animals, an attempt to better organize information in articles related to animals and zoology.
It is the only cestode that does not require an intermediate host to develop into its infective stage. Hymenolepis microstoma dujardin, 1845 blanchard, 1891, the mouse bile duct tapeworm, is a rodentbeetlehosted laboratory model that has been used in research and teaching. The authors cite some ear lier cases as examples of proliferating. Malignant transformation of hymenolepis nana in a human host to the editor. Hymenolepis diminuta is a cestode of rodents infrequently seen in humans and frequently found in rodents. Hymenolepis nana introduction hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm, is the smallest tapeworm to infect humans. When eggs are ingested by an arthropod intermediate host various species of beetles and fleas may serve as intermediate hosts, they develop into cysticercoids, which can infect humans or rodents upon. Hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm, is the smallest and a common tapeworm in humans worldwide. Later, morphological characteristics were used for taxonomy identification and h. Biologia simplificada com emerson inacio 6,583 views. Generally none because worm is so small about 40 mm. Nov 22, 2015 hymenolepiasis is the term when a human is infected with either h. Hymenolepis nana adalah cestoda yang tersebar di seluruh dunia baik kosmopolit di daerah beriklim tropis maupun sedang.
Hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm, is the smallest tapeworm to infect humans. Hymenolepis nana has also been shown to infect lower primates and in such cases, humans appear to be the source of infection in a reverse zoonosis scenario. A polymerasechainreaction pcr assay targeting eukaryotes identified hymenolepis nana dna. Apr 20, 2015 hymenolepiasis is the most common intestinal tapeworm infection of humans caused by worm of family cestoda, genus hymenolepis and species nana. Malignant transformation of hymenolepis nana in a human host article pdf available in new england journal of medicine 37319. Ingestion of food contaminated with feces human or rodent. The fact that an intermediate host is not required in. Hymenolepis nana, a tiny intestinal tapeworm, is the most common human cestode. Examination of the giemsa stained blood film revealed many intraerythrocytic parasites. The scolex of hymenolepis nana shows suckers and an invaginated rostellum. Here, we present a case of a renal transplant recipient who presented with abdominal pain and developed diarrhea. Muehlenbachs a1, bhatnagar j, agudelo ca, hidron a, eberhard ml, mathison ba, frace ma, ito a, metcalfe mg, rollin dc, visvesvara gs, pham cd, jones tl, greer pw, velez hoyos a, olson pd, diazgranados lr, zaki sr.
Hymenolepiasis is the most common intestinal tapeworm infection of humans caused by worm of family cestoda, genus hymenolepis and species nana. Midle part of gravid proglottids, acetocarmine stain, x450. Heavy hymenolepis nana infection possibly through organic. The adult worm resides in the ileal portion of the small intestine. Since isolates of hymenolepis nana infecting humans and rodents are morphologically indistinguishable. Larval and adult beetles but optional larval stage, cysticercoid, can develop.